Ash-Shoum

Shaum or fasting in meaningful language al-Ruling or refrain from something such as refraining from eating or speaking. Shaum meaning as used in this paragraph to the 26 letters of Mary. "So eat and drink ye, O Mary, and tenangkanlah your heart and if you meet someone, say I'm fasting and did not want to talk to anyone."

While the term, shaum is abstaining from the lust of the two roads, mouth and genitals, and other things that can cancel the reward of fasting from dawn until sunset.
The virtues in Ramadan From Ibn Mas'ud, the Prophet. said, "princes month is the month of Ramadan and the princes day is Friday." (Thabrani)

Messenger. said, "If only people knew what was there during Ramadan, Ramadan was surely their hope for a year." (Thabrani, Ibn Khuzaimah, and Bayhaqi)

From Abu Hurairah r.a., Messenger of God. said, "If the coming fasting month, opened the doors of heaven and closed the gates of Hell." (Bukhari and Muslim) Prophet. He also said, "If the first night of Ramadan comes, the devils and jinn kafir will be handcuffed. All the gates of Hell are closed so that no one had an open door, and opened the gates of heaven so that no one was closed. Then terdengara voice calls, "O seeker of goodness, come! O seeker of evil, kurangkanlah. At night there were people who were freed from Hell. And this happened on every night. "(Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah)

The virtue of fasting Ramadan
From Abu Hurairah, the Messenger of Allah. said, "Whoever fasted in Ramadan because of faith and hopeful, his sins will be forgiven the past. And anyone who prays on the night of the fasting month, his sins will be forgiven the past. "(Bukhari and Muslim)

Fasting Time

Since the introduction of fasting begins the true dawn (Fajr prayer time) until sunset (Maghrib prayer time entry). God explains in the Qur'an by the term white thread from a black thread.

Breaking Fasting Prayer

If breaking the fast, Rasullullah PBUH. read, "cor shumtu laka wa 'ala rizqika afthartu." That is, O God, I fasted for you and with the provision that shall give us break the fast.

And the Messenger of Allah. breaking fast with dates. If no, enough with the white water.

Sunnah-Sunnah in fasting
Before fasting, from junub disunnahkan large bath, menstruation, and childbirth. For people who are fasting, disunnahkan slowed and hasten to break the fast meal. Pray before breaking the fast.
In order for the practice of fasting is not damaged and the reward is not dead, people who fasted disunnahkan guard leads the limbs, leaving the useless chatter, leaving the matter doubtful and arouse lust. Disunnahkan reproduce Quran recitations, feeding the fasting person to break the fast, and reproduce charity. In the last ten days, highly recommended beri'tikaf.

The Allowed Not Fasting

1. People who Safar (in transit). But, there are scholars who give the terms. Someone may
do not fast in Ramadan and replace it in another month, if safarnya travel
more than 89 km and safarnya not for sinners as well as his trip began before dawn.
However Hanbalis allow fast, although safarnya begins at noon. Reason
permissibility breaking is due to contain masyaqqah Safar (distress). If
Safar took rukshah someone this, he must change his fast on other days
some days he did not fast.

2. People who are sick. Sick who fall into this category is the pain that can be
impede the continuity of religious fasting and the impact on the physical safety if he remained
fasting. To decide and judge, required second opinion. If someone does not
fasting because of illness, he was obliged to replace the fast left behind in another month when he
been healthy.

3. Pregnant women and nursing mothers. Pregnant women or nursing mothers should not fast, but it should replace the other day. If he did not fast for fear of the condition itself, it is only obliged to pay for making up those 'alone. But if he feared for the safety of the fetus or baby, then making up those obliged to pay 'and fidyah form once to feed one poor person. This diqiyaskan with the sick and elderly parents.

4. Elderly. People who are elderly and no longer capable of fasting are not obliged to fast, but shall pay fidyah by feeding a poor person as many days left.

5. People who experience fatigue and excessive thirst. If the conditions that interfere with the safety concern and common soul, so be fast and must be making up those '.

6. People who are forced (ikrah) did not fast. People like this should not fast, but shall mengqadha '

About Fasting Problems

1. For the fasting of Ramadan, shall set out the intention to fast before the dawn of time.

2. When fasting is a husband may kiss his wife, with the abstinence requirement and can not stimulate lust.

3. People who postpone big bath (impure) after a meal or after entering the dawn of time,
fast is still valid. So also with people who are fasting and have a wet dream on
during the day, his fast remains valid.

4. Prohibited conjugal intercourse during the day when fasting. Punishment for people who are having sex in the daytime during Ramadan is freeing a slave. If not able to liberate a slave, husband and wife sentenced to fast two months in a row full secaara. If not able too, they were condemned to feed 60 poor people eat. If his actions over and over on the other day, then doubled her sentence. Unless, of repetition performed on the same day.

5. The man who forgot that he was fasting and then eating and drinking, then his fast remains valid. After the recall, he must continue fasting until the time of day it is breaking

6. Only a deliberate vomiting broke the fast. There are three things they did not cancel the fast: bleed, vomiting (which was not intentional), and dreaming (ihtilam). Brush your teeth or cleaning your teeth with syiwak allowed. This is usually done by the Messenger of Allah. But, there are scholars who memakruhkan brushing teeth with toothpaste after the sun leaning to the West.

7. People who have fasting debt years earlier, must be paid before entering the Ramadan which will run. If you have not accomplished, to be paid after Ramadan this year. But, there are scholars have argued, in addition to diqadha 'is also required to feed the poor.

8. The scholars agreed that the people who died and had a debt of fasting that have not been accomplished but not karenakan negligence caused syar'i excuse such as illness or a traveler, there's no making up those who have to bear heirs. But if there is negligence, there was some scholars require making up those of his heirs and others saying no.

9. For those who work with physically and categorized as heavy-metal smelter workers, miners, construction workers, or others-if fasting causes kemudharatan against their souls, should not fast. But, mandatory mengqadha '. Jumhur scholars requires people who like this mandatory meal and intend for him to fasting, and fasted on that day. If not able, just may break the fast. Breaking become mandatory, if certain conditions that will cause potential ineligibility kemudharatan.

author; unknown

source;
Fb group Note: One Day, One Verse Quran

www.eramuslim.com

www.almanhaj.or.id